Preventing Conflicts and Overlap ROM BIOS-Memory

As already explained, C000 and D000 are reserved for use by the ROM and RAM-board adapters. If two adapters have the ROM and RAM addresses that overlap,then there is usually no air-board operating properly. Each board works if you change or disable one of them, but they do not work together.With many adapter board, you can change the memory location to be used with a jumper, switch, or the driver software, which may be required so that two boards can co-exist within one system. This type of conflict can cause problems fortrobleshooter. You should read the documentation for each adapter to find thememory address which is used by the adapters, and how to change the address so that there is coexistence with other adapters. Most of you can solve this problem byre-configure the board or by changing jumpers, switch settings, or software-driverparameters. This change makes the two boards can be side by side and separatedfrom one another.

In addition, you must make sure that the adapter board does not use port IRQaddresses, DMA channels, or I / O the same. You can easily avoid adapter boardmemory conflicts, IRQ, DMA channel, and port I / O by making a chart or template to "cheat" the system configuration by writing to the template resource that has beenused by every adapter that is installed. You end up with an image resource systemand the relationship of each adapter.

If you are running a PnP operating system such as Windows 9x/Me or 2000/XP, youcan use Device Manager to view and print (optional) all equipment settings. I highlyrecommend that you use to print all of the settings in the your system before and after you make modifications, to know what has beenbenibah. This will rnembantu you to anticipate conflicts and ensure that you configure each adapter board correctly. The templates also becomes important when youmempeitimbangkan documentation to buy a new adapter. The new adapter must beconfigured to be able to use the resources that exist on your system.

If your system has the capability PnP, and PnP adapter you use, then the system canresolve the conflict between the adapter by changing the memory usage in all conflicts. Unfortunately, this routine is not smart enough and still requires human intervention - ie, the manual specification of addresses to get the most optimumlocation for the adapter memory. 

Using the System Configuration Templates

Template system configuration is very helpful for remembering something written more easily than keep it inside your head. To create a template configuration. You need to start writing resource which is used by certain parts of your system. Then when you need to make changes or add adapters, you can quickly determine where conflicts may arise. You can also use the Windows Device Manager 9X/ME/2000/XP separately detailing and print this information.

I like to use paper that is divided into three main areas - one for the interrupt, the other for DMA channels, and the middle area for tools that do not use interrupts.Each section details the IRQ or DMA channel on the side of the tool could and I / O ports on the right side. In this way, I get a very clear picture of where resources are used and which ones are available in a particular system.

Here is the template configuration of the system that I developed for many years and I still use it almost every day. (See form on the next page.)This type of configuration is based on the resource sheet, rather than component based. Any bans in the template describing and detailing the different resource components that use these resources and also resources to use it. Graphics has entered all items remain in the modern PC configurations can not be changed. To fill this type of graphic, do the following :

1. Enter the default resource used by the standard components, Such as serial andparallel ports, disk controllers, and video. You can using the example of charging that i Provide for her show how some standard besaralat configured.
2. Enter the default resource used by the add-on components extras, Such as sound cards, SCSI cards, network cards, proprietary cards, and so forth.Change the configuration items are in conflict. 
3. Try tolet the built-in tool in its default settings, and also the sound card.

Other installed adapters may be changed setting, but

be sure to document those changes.

Of course, such a template is best used when you install the component, not after.Once you fill it with complete accordance with your system, you can name it and save it with the system. Whenever you add a new tool, the template will guide you how best to configure the new appliance.

Note :

Thank you for the configuration plug-and-play, the days fixed IRQ and other hardware resources is the past. Do not be surprised if your system has set the IRQ, port address I / O, or DMA settings are different after you install the new card. That's why I suggested to record the information before and after the addition of new tools into your system you may also want meiacak PCI slots which are used by a card because some systems PCI IRQ convert to a different ISA IRQ, depending on the slot where the card is used for Also, some systems pair the PCI slot, set the second card installed in slot pairs to the same ISA IRQ

As you can see from this template, only one IRQ and DMA channels are still two available, and there will be no IRQ available if I enable the USB ports on the motherboard! As you can see, the interrupt shortage is a major problem in modern systems. In such cases, I may be able to find a way to restore one of these interrupt, for example, I do not really wear C0M1, so I can disable that port and get back to IRQ 4. In this example configuration, primary and secondary IDE connectors are built in:

• Floppy controller
• Two serial ports
• One parallel port

Does the tool is built on the motherboard or on a separate card, not a difference due to the same resource allocation in both cases. All default settings are usually used for these tools and is indicated in the complete configuration. Furthermore, card-accessory dikonfi-ration. In this example, the following cards installed:

• SVGA video card (ATI Mach 64)
• Sound card (Creative Labs Sound Blaster 16)
• SCSI host adapters (Adaptec AHA-1542CF)
• The network interface card (SMC EtherEZ)

It is helpful to install the card in the sequence above. Start with the video card; then add the sound card. Since the software must be configured to sound card, then the best if you install it in the beginning and ensure that only the default settings are used. Better to change the settings on the card other than the sound card.

After sound cards, SCSI adapters installed; however, address I / O ports by default (330-331) and DMA channels (DMA 5) who used the conflict with other cards (especially the sound card). This setting is changed into the next logic setting that does not lead to conflict.

Finally, a network card installed, which also has a default setting that conflicts with other cards. In this case, the Ethernet card has diprekonfigurasi to IRQ 3, which has been used by the COM2:. The solution is to

change the setting, and IRQ 9 is the next logical choice in the card configuration settings.

Although this is a configuration that at full load, only three individuals from among all the items owned card that has to be modified to achieve optimum system configuration. As you can see, using the template configuration as has been shown to make what appears to be a mixed arrangement of setting the order of the easy to follow. The only real problem you'll face when you work with this template is, cards that are not allowed the appropriate arrangements on its setting, or a card that does not have documentation. As you can imagine, you will need the documentation for each card adapters, and motherboards, in order to accurately complete the configuration table as already indicated.

Tip

Do not rely too much on a DOS-based diagnostic software third-party, such as MSD.EXE, which claims to be able to demonstrate hardware settings such as setting the IRQ and port I / O. Although dapal assist in eituasi tertenfti, but more often wrong, at least on some information about your system showed one or two items incorrectly shown dapal very annoying if you trust the information that is not true and configure your sistam based on that information! Hit> which ja'jh better way to display the Device Manager setting is built on Windows 9X/ME/2000/XP. With a hardware plug-and-play, she o only report the setting, but also lets you change the old legacy hardware, you can display these settings but not change it to change the hardware settings legacy (non-plug-and-play), you must manually move the jumpers or switches and run a special configuration software package with the card. Contact your card manufacturer or consult the documentation to get more information.

Overcoming Conflicts Manually

In the past, the only way to resolve conflicts manually by opening the casing mlalah your system and start changing switches or jumper settings on the adapter card.Now it can be done with a little more easily, ie, with plug-and-play. This is because MMiiua resolved through software configuration Device Manager (liscrtakan in the operating system. Even some of the cards plug-and-play early also had jumper switches or setup options to allow configu-urasi manuals on these cards, but this feature is mainly found on the card ISA PnP-compatible. Make sure you write down or print your current system settings before you start making changes. As such, you will know where you started and can return to the initial configuration (if needed). Finally, find the manual for semun beard adapter you, you may nniierlukannya. And you can search for more recent information on the Web site is Pnline manufacturer. 'kaiang you are ready to start your detective work. When you download lierbagai resource settings, keep in mind the following questions in your mind; nUinnya will help you narrow the area of ​​conflict :

• When conflict has become real? If conflict occurs after you install a new adapter card, then the new card is probably the cause of the conflict. If conflict occurs after you start using the new software, the software may use a tool overload your system resources in new ways.
• Are there two similar devices in your system that does not work? For example, if your modem, the integrated serial port, or a mouse - a tool that uses the COM port - does not work, then most likely these tools conflict with each other.
• Does anyone else have the same problem, and if so, how do they solve? Public forums, such as those found in CompuServe, Internet newsgroups, and America Online, is a good place to meet with Iain user who may be able to help you resolve the conflict.

Whenever you make changes in your system, reboot and see if the problem persist.When you are sure that you teiah resolve this issue, make sure to test all your software. Fixing one problem often led to the emergence of another problem. The only way to guarantee that all matter was settled is to test everything in your system.

The best advice I can convey to you is to try changing one thing at a time, and then retest. That is the most methodical and simple way to isolate problems quickly and efficiently.

When you try to resolve resource conflicts, you should be working and updating the system configuration templates, as discussed in the following sections